Plant Biology & Agricultural Sciences

Plants are densely populated by a number of microorganisms, both underground and aboveground, which coexist. Bacteria colonizing plants are divided into epiphytes, which live on the surface, endophytes, which live inside plant tissues, phyllospheric, which live on the surface of leaves, and rhizospheric, which live near the roots in the soil. The rhizosphere of a plant is a vital niche that is home to a large number of microorganisms. The properties they have include promoting plant growth, suppressing disease, eliminating toxic chemicals and assimilating nutrients.

The study of plant-animal interactions in the context of nutrient flow in food chains and food webs, the exchange of important gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide between plants and animals, and strategies for mutual survival between plant and animal species through pollination and seed dispersal. everything is part of ecology.